一．单证（documents)
　 进出口业务涉及的单证总的包括三大类：

   1.金融单证（信用证、汇票、支票和本票）
   2．商业单证（发票、装箱单、运输单据、保险单等）

   3.用于政府管制的单证（许可证、原产地证明、商检证等）
　　declaration form报关单
　　Three steps—declaration, examination of goods and release of goods, are taken by the Customs to exercise control over general import and export goods.海关对进出境货物的监管一般经过申报、查验和放行三个环节。
　　the person in charge of the declaration
　　 invoice发票
　　ocean bill of lading提单
　　 air waybill空运提单
　　packing list或packing specification（装箱单）
　　shipping order(装货单)
　　letter of credit（L|C）（信用证）
　　 insurance policy（保险单）
　　sales confirmation售货确认书
　　contract（合同）（commodity, quantity, unit price, total amount, country of origin and manufacturer, packing, shipping mark, date of shipment, port of shipment, port of destination, insurance, payment, shipment, shipping advice, guarantee of quality, claims, force majeure, late delivery and penalty, arbitration）
　　certificate(commodity inspection certificate商检证
　　animal or plant quarantine certificate 动植物检疫证
　　 certificate of origin原产地证)
　　二．报关英语常用词汇
　　import进口 export出口
　　import & export corporation(Corp.)
　　import & export business(enterprise entitled to do import and export business)
　　export drawback出口退税
　　import & export licence
　　processing with imported（supplied) materials进（来）料加工
　　buyer买方 seller卖方
　　The buyer requests his bank to issue a letter of credit in favor of the seller.
　　goods(import& export goods , All import and export goods shall be subject to Customs examination)
　　cargo (bulk cargo,cargo in bulk, air cargo, sea cargo,bonded cargo, cargo-owner
　　 What cargo is inside the container?
　　The cargo is now released.)
　　 Commodity(commodity inspection)
　　merchandise泛指商品

　　article(smuggled goods and articles, inward and outward goods and articles）
　　luggage 行李物品
　　 postal items 邮递物品
　　You don’t have to pay duty on personal belongings, but the other one is subject to duty.
　　 means of transport(conveyance)运输工具(vessel, aircraft, train, vehicle):All inward and outward means of transport shall be subject to Customs control on arriving in or departing from the Customs territory.

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　　ocean vessel船名
　　packing(bag袋, bale包， bottle, coil圈，case, crate板条箱，dozen, package件：total packages合计件数, piece, roll, set, unit辆，台，单位，drum桶， carton纸箱, wooden cases木箱， pallet托盘， container ，in bulk)
　　weight重量
　　gross weight毛重 net weight净重
　　tare皮重
　　quantity数量:The minimum quantity of an order for the goods is 500 cases.
　　des cription of goods货名
　　name and specifications of commodity品名及规格
　　 type类型
　　mode (term)of trade贸易方式
　　name of trading country贸易国
　　date of importation进口日期

　　value价值
　　total value of the contract commercial value, duty-paying value
　　The duty-paying value of an import item shall be its normal CIF price and the duty-paying value of an export item shall be its FOB price, minus the export duty.
　　 The duty-paying value of an inward or outward article shall be fixed by the Customs.
　　price价格unit price单价 total price总价
　　 total amount总价
　　consignor发货人 consignee收货人
　　While the examination is being carried out, the consignee of the import goods or the consignor of the export goods shall be present and responsible for moving the goods, opening and restoring the packing
　　Declaration of import goods shall be made to the Customs by the consignee within 14 days of the declaration of the arrival of the means of transport; declaration of export goods shall be made by the consign

　　or 24 hours prior to the loading unless otherwise approved by the Customs. 进口货物的收货人应当自运输工具申报进境之日起14日内，出口货物的发货人除海关特准的外应当在货物运抵海关监管区后装货的24小时以前，向海关申报。
　　shipper托运人
　　carrier承运人(a person or business that carries goods or passengers from one place to another for payment)
　　notify party通知方
　　agent代理人:shipping agent装运代理人，发货代理人 insurance agent保险代理人
　　Declaration of inward and outward articles and payment of duties on them may be made either by the owner or by a person the owner has entrusted to act as his agent.
　　 agency代理: China Ocean Shipping Agency中国外轮代理公司
　　shipment装船，交运
　　shipment documents运输单据 date of shipment装船日期， 装运期
　　 combined transport shipment port to port shipment
　　We’ll try our best to advance shipment to September.
　　 freight
　　 freight charges 运费 air freight charge航空运费 freight rates运费率
　　 extras杂费
　　 payment
　　terms of payment付款方式 immediate payment即期付款
　　Payment by L ∕C is a favorable method of payment because the exporter has bank’s promise to pay for the goods shipped.
　　We usually accept payment by irrevocable L ∕C payable against shipping documents.我们采用不可撤消的信用证，凭装运单据结汇付款方式。

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